| J Christopher |
12-05-2008 01:21 AM |
Quote:
Originally Posted by cwtnospam
(Post 506774)
… wages have been falling for years while corporate profits soared.
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You might be interested in reading this report from the Brookings Institute. Some excerpts:
Recent studies suggest that there is less economic mobility in the United States than has long been presumed. The last thirty years has seen a considerable drop-off in median household income growth compared to earlier generations. And, by some measurements, we are actually a less mobile society than many other nations, including Canada, France, Germany and most Scandinavian countries. This challenges the notion of America as the land of opportunity.
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Income inequality has been widening for nearly three decades in the United States. Amidst a flurry of new data and media reports, President George W. Bush addressed the issue for the first time in January 2007 during remarks to Wall Street: “The fact is that income inequality is real — it’s been rising for more than 25 years.” … The Congressional Budget Office finds that between 1979 and 2004, the real after-tax income of the poorest one*fifth of Americans rose by 9 percent, that of the richest one-fifth by 69 percent, and that of the top 1 percent by 176 percent.
Focusing on the familiar story of rising inequalities between CEOs and their employees yields figures that are perhaps even more striking. Between 1978 and 2005, CEO pay increased from 35 times to nearly 262 times the average worker’s pay.4 Said another way, by 2005, the typical CEO made more in an hour than a minimum wage worker made in a month.
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Relative mobility can occur regardless of what is happening to the society as a whole. Individuals can change their position relative to others, moving up or down within the ranks as one would expect in a true meritocracy.
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Data on relative mobility suggest that people in the United States have experienced less relative mobility than is commonly believed. Most studies find that, in America, about half of the advantages of having a parent with a high income are passed on to the next generation. This means that one of the biggest predictors of an American child’s future economic success — the identity and characteristics of his or her parents — is predetermined and outside that child’s control. To be sure, the apple can fall far from the treeand often does in individual cases, but relative to other factors, the tree dominates the picture. These findings are more striking when put in comparative context. There is little available evidence that the United States has more relative mobility than other advanced nations. If anything, the data seem to suggest the opposite. Using the relationship between parents’ and children’s incomes as an indicator of relative mobility, data show that a number of countries, including Denmark, Norway, Finland, Canada, Sweden, Germany, and France have more relative mobility than does the United States.
Compared to the same peer group, Germany is 1.5 times more mobile than the United States, Canada nearly 2.5 times more mobile [emphasis mine - J Christopher], and Denmark 3 times more mobile. Only the United Kingdom has relative mobility levels on par with those of the United States.
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Beginning with a comparison of men ages 30-39 in 1994 with their fathers’ generation, men ages 30-39 in 1964, we see a small, but fairly insignificant, amount of intergenerational progress. Adjusting for inflation, median income increased by less than $2,000 between 1964 and 1994, from about $31,000 to under $33,000 — a 5 percent increase (0.2 percent per year) during this thirty-year period. The story changes for a younger cohort. Those in their thirties in 2004 had a median income of about $35,000 a year. Men in their fathers’ cohort, those who are now in their sixties, had a median income of about $40,000 when they were the same age in 1974. Indeed, there has been no progress at all for the youngest generation. As a group, they have on average percent less income than their fathers’ generation at the same age. This suggests the up-escalator that has historically ensured that each generation would do better than the last may not be working very well. [emphasis in original]
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A growing gap between U.S. productivity and median family income challenges the notion that a rising tide will lift all boats. For nearly thirty years after the end of World War II, productivity growth and median household income rose together in lockstep. Then, beginning in the mid-1970s, we see a growing gulf between the two, which widens dramatically at the turn of the century. As the data … indicate, the benefits of productivity growth have not been broadly shared in recent years. [emphasis mine -J Christopher]
One thing is clear. A society with little or no absolute mobility is one in which for every winner there is a loser. It’s a zero sum game. And a society with little or no relative mobility is one in which class, family background or inherited wealth loom large. Equal opportunity is a mirage.
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