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Help! sudo is not found?

I opened up Terminal yesterday to compile the LAME MP3 encoder, and did a "sudo make install" to move it into /usr/local or whatever. LAME worked fine, and using iTunes+Lame, I imported a CD into iTunes.

Today, I typed "sudo ls" just for the heck of it (Don't ask why, I don't know) and this appeared:
http://i15.tinypic.com/6tdcrjr.png

It appears sudo is missing? Is that even possible?

sudo isn't missing. The error is saying that you can't use sudo for the ls command for that user.

type

whereis sudo

example:

Code:

Last login: Mon Dec 17 15:22:36 on ttyp1

Welcome to Darwin!

tlarkin:~ admin$ whereis sudo

/usr/bin/sudo

tlarkin:~ admin$

Quote:

Originally Posted by cwtnospam (Post 434817)

sudo isn't missing. The error is saying that you can't use sudo for the ls command for that user.

Nope. The "bash:" means that bash can't find sudo. If sudo couldn't run ls you would see "sudo: ls: command not found".

ThreeDee, sudo is usually found in /usr/bin (I'm in Tiger right now, but I doubt that this changed in Leopard.) Please show us the results of
ls -l /usr/bin/sudo

Probably the reason that your shell can't find sudo is that /usr/bin is not currently in your PATH. Please show us the results of
echo $PATH

Trevor

I'm also running Tiger. Anyway, here's the output:

Code:

Last login: Mon Dec 17 18:19:33 on ttyp1

Welcome to Darwin!

G4-Computer:~ chris$ ls -l /usr/bin/sudo

ls: /usr/bin/sudo: No such file or directory

G4-Computer:~ chris$ echo $PATH

/opt/local/bin:/opt/local/sbin:/bin:/sbin:/usr/bin:/usr/sbin

G4-Computer:~ chris$

Code:

$ which sudo

and

Code:

$ ls -la /usr/bin

Any results on either? (/usr/bin should have lots in it. Hopefully.)

The which command is not going to find sudo, as it was already established in the original post that sudo was not found by the shell, and which does not look outside the PATH.

Quote:

Originally Posted by man which

Code:

NAME

       which - locate a command



SYNOPSIS

       which [ filename ] ...



DESCRIPTION

       which returns the pathnames of the files which would be executed in the

       current environment, had its arguments been  given  as  commands  in  a

       strictly  POSIX-conformant  shell.   It does this by searching the PATH

       for executable files matching the names of the arguments.

Perhaps a better chance of finding the command would be
locate /sudo

Quote:

Code:

G4-Computer:~ chris$ ls -l /usr/bin/sudo

ls: /usr/bin/sudo: No such file or directory

OK, well sudo is definitely not where it's supposed to be. Mikey-San's suggestion of showing us the results of
ls -la /usr/bin
is a good one, as it may show us the scope of the problem.

Trevor

Another interesting command to run would be:

history | grep -i sudo

I thought I recalled which also being able to tell you if the command had been aliased. Guess not. Oh well.

"locate /sudo" returns something fishy:

Code:

Last login: Mon Dec 17 18:59:30 on ttyp1

Welcome to Darwin!

G4-Computer:~ chris$ locate /sudo

locate: locate database header corrupt, bigram char outside 0, 32-127: -1

G4-Computer:~ chris$

I attached the results of "ls -la /usr/bin", as it was too big to copy/paste. It doesn't list 'sudo'. Doesn't sound good...

And the results of hayne's command:

Code:

Last login: Mon Dec 17 19:01:24 on ttyp1

Welcome to Darwin!

G4-Computer:~ chris$ history | grep -i sudo 

    1  sudo port selfupdate

    3  sudo port portpkg.portpkg

    4  sudo port install ufraw

    6  sudo port clean ufraw

    7  sudo port install

   11  sudo port install portpkg.portpkg

   12  sudo port install portpkg

   13  sudo port install

   26  sudo ./Install\ Flash\ Player\ 9\ UB.app/ 

   27  sudo ./Install\ Flash\ Player\ 9\ UB.app/Contents/MacOS/Install\ Flash\ Player\ 9\ UB 

   29  sudo ./JavaApplicationStub

   98  ./configure; make; sudo make install

  221  cd /usr/local/shoutcast/; sudo ./sc_serv

  222  cd /usr/local/shoutcast/; sudo ./sc_serv

  223  cd /usr/local/shoutcast/; sudo ./sc_serv

  224  cd /usr/local/shoutcast/; sudo ./sc_serv

  225  cd /usr/local/shoutcast/; sudo ./sc_serv

  226  cd /usr/local/shoutcast/; sudo ./sc_serv

  229  sudo ./configure

  326  sudo port install smartmontools

  400  sudo rm -r /System/Library/StartupItems/QuickTimeStreamingServer

  408  sudo rm -f /usr/sbin/QuickTimeStreamingServer

  413  sudo rm -f /usr/bin/broadcasterctl

  415  sudo rm -f /usr/bin/PlaylistBroadcaster

  420  sudo make install

  431  sudo ls

  432  sudo ls

  433  sudo

  438  sudo ls

  439  sudo ls

  440  whereis sudo

  441  ls -l /usr/bin/sudo

  443  locate /sudo

  446  locate -d /sudo

  447  locate /sudo

  448  locate /sudo

  450  whtch sudo

  452  which sudo

  454  history | grep sudo

  457  locate /sudo

  458  history | grep -i sudo

G4-Computer:~ chris$

Some of that stuff is pretty old. I also run a shoutcast streaming music server sometimes, which is from lines 221 to 226. I tried installing Darwin Streaming Server, but it was too confusing, so I tried removing it. I think I might have left some some parts behind, but that doesn't bother me much. Line 420 is probably me installing LAME after compiling it.

Near the end I'm guessing is all of the commands I'm entering to try and find what happened to sudo. You can see the typo I made on line 450. :)

I was mostly hoping not to see that directory totally empty. Then again, seeing it empty would've been easier to explain . . .

Anything interesting in system.log?

To clarify, was this the last successful use of sudo you invoked? (It's the last one before the ls command, and you mention that in your first post.)

Code:

420 sudo make install

Too bad you're not on Leopard--Time Machine would have been useful to bring sudo back.

There's no indication that any of the other things in your /usr/bin directory are actually sudo but renamed. None of the other files duplicates sudo's unusual permissions (-r-s--x--x), nor do any of the other files have the exact same size as sudo.

As locate is not working for you, try using find. My elementary skills with the find command result in
sudo find / -name "sudo" -print
but someone else may be able to give you a better 'find'.

I suspect that using Pacifist to reinstall your "BSD Subsystem" (or whatever it's called in Apple's Installer) may be your quickest method to getting sudo back.

And I'm very curious why your installation of LAME would remove sudo, if that's what is currently thought.

Trevor

Quote:

Originally Posted by trevor

sudo find / -name "sudo" -print

Somehow I don't think this command is going to work . . . ;)

what have you installed that would put /opt in your $PATH?

I thought really only distros based on redhat really used the /opt directory and it is definitely not a standard install of tiger. Standard install of 10.4 there is no /opt directory. Perhaps something like Fink may install that in your path for Linux executables installed?

I normally try not to speculate, but something here smells like an installer script gone awry. :(

This is really odd. Anyway, my system log (just noticed it's almost over 200MB in size???) is filled up with thousands of lines of this, which I doubt has anything to do with sudo:

Code:

Dec 17 21:30:51 G4-Computer kernel[0]: USBF:        10113.734        AppleUSBOHCI[0x2d17000]::Found a transaction which hasn't moved in 5 seconds on bus 25, timing out!

Dec 17 21:31:00 G4-Computer kernel[0]: USBF:        10122.735        AppleUSBOHCI[0x2d17000]::Found a transaction which hasn't moved in 5 seconds on bus 25, timing out!

Dec 17 21:31:06 G4-Computer kernel[0]: USBF:        10128.735        AppleUSBOHCI[0x2d17000]::Found a transaction which hasn't moved in 5 seconds on bus 25, timing out!

Dec 17 21:31:15 G4-Computer kernel[0]: USBF:        10137.735        AppleUSBOHCI[0x2d17000]::Found a transaction which hasn't moved in 5 seconds on bus 25, timing out!

Dec 17 21:31:21 G4-Computer kernel[0]: USBF:        10143.735        AppleUSBOHCI[0x2d17000]::Found a transaction which hasn't moved in 5 seconds on bus 25, timing out!

Dec 17 21:31:30 G4-Computer kernel[0]: USBF:        10152.736        AppleUSBOHCI[0x2d17000]::Found a transaction which hasn't moved in 5 seconds on bus 25, timing out!

Dec 17 21:31:36 G4-Computer kernel[0]: USBF:        10158.736        AppleUSBOHCI[0x2d17000]::Found a transaction which hasn't moved in 5 seconds on bus 25, timing out!

Dec 17 21:31:45 G4-Computer kernel[0]: USBF:        10167.736        AppleUSBOHCI[0x2d17000]::Found a transaction which hasn't moved in 5 seconds on bus 25, timing out!

Dec 17 21:31:51 G4-Computer kernel[0]: USBF:        10173.736        AppleUSBOHCI[0x2d17000]::Found a transaction which hasn't moved in 5 seconds on bus 25, timing out!

Dec 17 21:32:00 G4-Computer kernel[0]: USBF:        10182.736        AppleUSBOHCI[0x2d17000]::Found a transaction which hasn't moved in 5 seconds on bus 25, timing out!

Dec 17 21:32:06 G4-Computer kernel[0]: USBF:        10188.736        AppleUSBOHCI[0x2d17000]::Found a transaction which hasn't moved in 5 seconds on bus 25, timing out!

Dec 17 21:32:15 G4-Computer kernel[0]: USBF:        10197.736        AppleUSBOHCI[0x2d17000]::Found a transaction which hasn't moved in 5 seconds on bus 25, timing out!

Dec 17 21:32:21 G4-Computer kernel[0]: USBF:        10203.737        AppleUSBOHCI[0x2d17000]::Found a transaction which hasn't moved in 5 seconds on bus 25, timing out!

Dec 17 21:32:30 G4-Computer kernel[0]: USBF:        10212.737        AppleUSBOHCI[0x2d17000]::Found a transaction which hasn't moved in 5 seconds on bus 25, timing out!

Dec 17 21:32:36 G4-Computer kernel[0]: USBF:        10218.737        AppleUSBOHCI[0x2d17000]::Found a transaction which hasn't moved in 5 seconds on bus 25, timing out!

Dec 17 21:32:46 G4-Computer kernel[0]: USBF:        10228.737        AppleUSBOHCI[0x2d17000]::Found a transaction which hasn't moved in 5 seconds on bus 25, timing out!

Dec 17 21:32:52 G4-Computer kernel[0]: USBF:        10234.737        AppleUSBOHCI[0x2d17000]::Found a transaction which hasn't moved in 5 seconds on bus 25, timing out!

Dec 17 21:33:00 G4-Computer kernel[0]: USBF:        10242.737        AppleUSBOHCI[0x2d17000]::Found a transaction which hasn't moved in 5 seconds on bus 25, timing out!

Dec 17 21:33:06 G4-Computer kernel[0]: USBF:        10248.737        AppleUSBOHCI[0x2d17000]::Found a transaction which hasn't moved in 5 seconds on bus 25, timing out!

Dec 17 21:33:15 G4-Computer kernel[0]: USBF:        10257.737        AppleUSBOHCI[0x2d17000]::Found a transaction which hasn't moved in 5 seconds on bus 25, timing out!

Dec 17 21:33:21 G4-Computer kernel[0]: USBF:        10263.738        AppleUSBOHCI[0x2d17000]::Found a transaction which hasn't moved in 5 seconds on bus 25, timing out!

Dec 17 21:33:30 G4-Computer kernel[0]: USBF:        10272.738        AppleUSBOHCI[0x2d17000]::Found a transaction which hasn't moved in 5 seconds on bus 25, timing out!

Dec 17 21:33:36 G4-Computer kernel[0]: USBF:        10278.738        AppleUSBOHCI[0x2d17000]::Found a transaction which hasn't moved in 5 seconds on bus 25, timing out!

Dec 17 21:33:45 G4-Computer kernel[0]: USBF:        10287.738        AppleUSBOHCI[0x2d17000]::Found a transaction which hasn't moved in 5 seconds on bus 25, timing out!

I don't have any idea why LAME would remove sudo for... Maybe it was a rare glitch of some kind?
I do have DarwinPorts and Fink installed, so I guess one of them could have added the /opt?

And trevor, you command won't work. I'm stuck in a catch-22. I'm going to need to use sudo in order to gain root access to 'find' sudo. Unless you want me to log in as root or something... I'll try reinstalling with Pacifist.

Where did you get the LAME sources? What was your compile procedure?

Quote:

Originally Posted by Mikey-San (Post 434903)

Somehow I don't think this command is going to work . . . ;)

D'oh! You're right, of course, I can't use sudo because that's what's missing. If your root user is enabled, you can use su.

Trevor

Quote:

Originally Posted by ThreeDee (Post 434919)

I'll try reinstalling with Pacifist

When something unexplained like this has happened, I'd recommend instead doing an "archive & install" from the Install DVD. Be sure to choose the option to preserve users and it won't be much hassle.

I got the lame source directly from http://lame.sourceforge.net/

I compiled by doing "./configure" to run the config script, then "make" to compile, then "sudo make install" to install it.

hayne, you are probably right about doing an Archive & Install. I'll do that instead when I get the chance. I'm a bit busy right now.

Update: Did an Archive & Install, and sudo works fine now.

Before doing an A&A, I only had ~3GB free (bad for the system, I know). After reinstalling and upgrading to 10.4.11 again, I now have ~10GB free? I know all my user files are intact. Was there some 7GB of crap hiding out in the various hidden system folders?